The mole is the unit for amount of substance. The number of particles in a substance can be found using the Avogadro constant. The mass of product depends upon the mass of limiting reactant.
The mass of a substance can be calculated from the number of moles, and the number of moles of a substance can be calculated from its mass. The link between the two quantities is the Mr, relative formula mass (or Ar, relative atomic mass for atoms and metals).
One way to remember this is 'mass equals mister mole'.
Calculate the mass of 0.25 mol of carbon dioxide molecules . (Mr of CO2 = 44)
mass = 44 × 0.25
= 11 g
The calculation is the same if a substance is a metal or exists as separate atoms, but its Ar is used instead of an Mr.
Calculate the mass of 0.10 mol of iron. (Ar of Fe = 56)
mass = 56 × 0.10
= 5.6 g
Again, use Ar instead of Mr for metals or a separate atom.
Calculate the amount of carbon atoms in 6.0 g of carbon. (Ar of C = 12)
amount = \(\frac{\textup{mass}}{{A}_\textup{r}}\)
amount \(=\frac{\textup6.0}{\textup12}\)
= 0.5 mol