Vaccinations

Pathogens are microbes that cause diseases. Vaccines allow a dead or altered form of the disease causing pathogen to be introduced into the body, which contain a specific antigen. This causes the immune system, specifically the white blood cells, to produce complementary antibodies, which target and attach to the antigen. When a white blood cell engulfs and digests a pathogen it is called phagocytosis.

Pathogens are microbes that cause diseases Vaccines allow a dead or altered form of the disease causing pathogen to be introduced into the body, which contain a specific antigen.
During primary response, there is an antibody concentration rise over 7 days, dropping to just above zero by 20 days. During secondary phase a sharp rise levels off at a peak after 30 days.

During the primary infection the antibodies slowly increase, peak at around ten days and then gradually decrease. A second exposure to the same pathogen causes the white blood cells to respond quickly in order to produce lots of the relevant antibodies, which prevents infection.