In mosques across Pakistan, the call is going out for men to join a jihad against NATO forces in Afghanistan. It's widely expected that the Taleban are planning a spring offensive against NATO troops.

The jihad calls echo those made five years ago, when American forces invaded Afghanistan to overthrow the Taleban regime, in the wake of the attacks of September 11th.

Thousands of Pakistani men, young and old, went to fight for the Taleban. Many of them never returned.

Sumaira Aslam of the BBC Urdu Service travels to remote areas in north west Pakistan to hear the stories of those who left, and to talk to the families of some of those who never came back. What impact are their stories having on those men now tempted to join the new jihad?

Listen to Pakistan's Jihadis