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The official hurricane season begins on 1st June and lasts until November.
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Hurricanes occur most often between August and October. The term hurricane is used to describe storms that occur in the Atlantic with wind speeds of 75mph and above. Storms that form on the western side of the Pacific, through the Philippines, China, Vietnam and Japan are called typhoons.
The storms that frequent the Bay of Bengal and caused damage and misery to Bangladesh are known as tropical cyclones. They also affect areas from the Indian Ocean to eastern Africa and through Indonesia to the northern coasts of Australia.
The areas of hurricane development
The most favourable areas for hurricane development changes throughout the hurricane season, particularly as the sea temperatures in the 'basins' increase and then decrease with the coming and going of the Northern Hemisphere Summer.
At the beginning of the season, storms tend to form in the Gulf of Mexico...
At the beginning of the season, storms tend to form in the Gulf of Mexico, the western Caribbean and near the Bahamas. The most favoured location is the Gulf of Honduras.
At the peak of the season, the Gulf of Mexico is a less likely area for storms to originate in, with sea near the Lesser Antilles and, even further east, close to the Cape Verde Islands being a likely source.
By November, storms are not very common...
From the beginning of October, the likelihood of storms originating off the west coast of Africa becomes less and less, with more storms occurring in the western Caribbean. By November, storms are not very common as the Gulf of Mexico cools quickly as the Northern Hemisphere winter sets in.
The Saffir-Simpson Scale
| Category |
Winds |
Effects |
| 1 |
Strongest gusts less than 77mph. |
Damage to some crops, trees and caravans. |
| 2 |
Strongest gusts 77-106mph. |
Minor house damage. Small craft may break moorings. Heavy crop damage. |
| 3 |
Strongest gusts 106-140mph. |
Some roof and structural damage. Power failure likely. |
| 4 |
Strongest gusts 140-175mph. |
Significant structural damage. Widespread power failure. Dangerous airborne debris. |
| 5 |
Strongest gusts above 175mph. |
Widespread damage. |
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