Dentists, or dental surgeons, prevent and treat dental and oral disease, correct dental irregularities and treat dental and facial injuries. Dentists may deal with hazardous substances, drugs, anaesthetics and radiation as part of the daily routine.

An interest and ability in science is essential. Dentists also need to know anatomy, physiology, biochemistry, psychology, pharmacology, pathology, microbiology, medicine and surgery. They must understand the structure and function of oral and dental tissues and of the related structures at the head and neck.

Entry is via a five-year degree requiring a minimum of three A-levels. Biology is required and two further science based A-levels are preferred.

Dental nurses, dental hygienists and dental therapists form an essential part of the dental team.

Dental nurses work closely with the dentist preparing the surgery, instrument exchange, sterilising the instruments, preparing fillings and tidying the surgery after the patient has left. They may also process radiographs and monitor the patient's well being if general anaesthetics have been used.

Dental hygienists concentrate on tooth and gum therapy and preventative treatment. This may include removing plaque and calculus, and polishing the teeth using hand instruments or ultrasonic scalers. They may also apply fissure sealants and fluoride treatments. Dental hygienists may also take x-rays and place temporary fillings.

Dental therapists may also do simple fillings and also administers some local anaesthetic unsupervised.

Most dental nurses receive on-the-job training from their employer, which may be supplemented by attending a day release or evening course. Most dental nurses need a good general education; some practices insist on four GCSEs. On-the-job training may work towards an NVQ.

Dental hygienists take a two-year full-time course - the Diploma in Dental Hygiene - at one of the dental teaching hospitals. Applicants need at least five GCSEs including Biology or a recognised dental nurse qualification.

Dental therapists qualify via the Diploma in Dental Therapy. Many of these courses are 27 months long and also give a qualification in dental hygiene. Applicants need five GCSEs including Biology or a nationally recognised dental nurse qualification.

For more information, go to www.bda-dentistry.org.uk, www.badn.org.uk, or www.bdha.org.uk.

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