Simplifying ratios

We can often make the numbers in ratios smaller so that they are easier to compare. You do this by dividing each side of the ratio by the same number, the highest common factor. This is called simplifying.

Example:
In a club the ratio of female to male members is 12:18

Both 12 and 18 can be divided by 2.
      12 ÷ 2 = 6
      18 ÷ 2 = 9
So a simpler way of saying 12:18 is 6:9.

To make the ratio simpler again, we can divide both 6 and 9 by 3
      6 ÷ 3 = 2
      9 ÷ 3 = 3

So a simplest way of saying 12:18 is 2:3.

These are all equivalent ratios, they are in the same proportion. All these ratios mean that for every 2 female members in the club there are 3 males:
      12:18
         6:9
         2:3
2:3 is easier to understand than 12:18!