Fractional distillation - Test Bite

Which process occurs as the crude oil is heated to 350°C before it goes into the fractionating tower?

Which process occurs when the vapours turn back to a liquid in the tower?

Which physical property allows petrol and diesel to be separated by fractional distillation?

A hydrocarbon C₄H₁₀ has a boiling point of 0°C. Another hydrocarbon C₆H₁₄ has a boiling point of 69°C. What would you expect the boiling point of C₈H₁₈ to be?

Why is crude oil itself not used as a fuel?

1. Crude oil is valuable resource from which we can get many other special fuels.

2. The naphtha fraction is the raw material for making important chemicals.

3. Crude oil does not burn completely and efficiently and produces a very smoky flame.

Here are some materials which are products of the fractional distillation of crude oil.

• bitumen
• diesel
• fuel gases
• naphtha
• petrol

Select the correct one for the following questions.

Which is the commonest fuel used in cars?

Which is used for road surfaces?

Which is used for obtaining propane (Calor gas), a common gaseous fuel?

Which is the commonest fuel used in lorries?

Which is the one that has the lowest boiling point?