var glossary_00001 = 'Abdicate
To abandon or step down from power.';
var glossary_00002 = 'Beatty, Admiral
Most famous for his actions in the Battle of Jutland, May 1916, where attacked and inflicted damage on the German High before the Grand Fleet arrived. He was appointed Commander of the British Grand Fleet in November 1916.';
var glossary_00004 = 'Fitzgerald, Admiral Charles
Founder of the Order of the White Feather.';
var glossary_00005 = 'Hipper, Admiral Franz Von
Commander of the battle cruiser squadron of the German High Seas Fleet.';
var glossary_00006 = 'Jellicoe, Admiral
Commander of the Grand Fleet at the Battle of Jutland, he was blamed for the lack of a clear British success. He was appointed First Sea Lord in 1916.';
var glossary_00007 = 'Tirpitz, Admiral Alfred Von
Secretary of State and Grand Admiral of the German Navy.';
var glossary_00008 = 'Scheer, Admiral Reinhardt Von
Commander of the German High Seas Fleet.';
var glossary_00009 = 'Agadir Crisis
A disagreement between France and Germany in 1911 over the French colony of Morocco.';
var glossary_00010 = 'Aggressor
Provoker or attacker.';
var glossary_00011 = 'Air aces
Popular term for fighter pilots.';
var glossary_00012 = 'Ammunition
Supply of weaponry i.e. munitions, bullets, shells.';
var glossary_00013 = 'Amputate
To cut off.';
var glossary_00014 = 'Anglo-French
British and French.';
var glossary_00015 = 'Annexation
A takeover or seizure of land.';
var glossary_00016 = 'Anonymous
Unknown.';
var glossary_00017 = 'Arbitration
Negotiation';
var glossary_00018 = 'Archduke Franz Ferdinand
Heir to the Austro-Hungarian Empire. He was assassinated 28th June 1914.';
var glossary_00019 = 'Archie
Anti-aircraft gun or gunnery.';
var glossary_00020 = 'Armaments
Weaponry or munitions.';
var glossary_00021 = 'Henderson, Arthur
Labour politician and trade unionist';
var glossary_00022 = 'Articulate
To make clear.';
var glossary_00023 = 'Asquith, Herbert Henry
Leader of the Liberal Party and British Prime Minister 1908-1916.';
var glossary_00024 = 'Attrition
Strategy of wearing down the enemy through continual attack and pressure.';
var glossary_00025 = 'August Madness
The term given to describe the rush of volunteer recruits for Kitcheners Army in August 1914.';
var glossary_00026 = 'Battle cruiser
A lightly armoured warship.';
var glossary_00027 = 'Jutland, Battle of
Major naval engagement between Britain and Germany, May 1916. The largest sea battle in history.';
var glossary_00028 = 'Marne, Battle of
September 1914, marked the failure of the Schlieffen Plan. A second battle, fought there in 1918, ended in Allied victory.';
var glossary_00029 = 'Somme, Battle of
Major British offensive, July - November 1916. Biggest number of casualties suffered by the British army in a single day.';
var glossary_00030 = 'BE Biplane
An aircraft with two sets of wings used mainly for reconnaissance until 1916.';
var glossary_00031 = 'Big Four
Sometimes called \'The Big Three\' as Vittorio Orlando of Italy was sidelined by the other powers.';
var glossary_00032 = 'Blighty Ones
A minor wound, given to themselves by soldiers in an attempt to get sent home to \'Blighty\'.';
var glossary_00033 = 'Blockade
To block or prevent the import or export of supplies from a port.';
var glossary_00034 = 'Bombardment
A heavy assault or attack of artillery .';
var glossary_00035 = 'Brest-Litovsk, Treaty of
A signed agreement between Russia and the Central Powers when Russia withdrew from the War. Russia handed over some territory in Poland in exchange for peace.';
var glossary_00036 = 'British Grand Fleet
The main British naval force.';
var glossary_00037 = 'Bryce Report
A government report documenting German atrocities against the Belgians in 1914. The report was disproved after the war, though some German violence against civilians was documented.';
var glossary_00038 = 'Bully Beef
Slang term for tinned meat.';
var glossary_00039 = 'Influenza epidemic
A virus that broke out in 1918. It is estimated that it killed more people than were actually lost throughout four years of fighting.';
var glossary_00040 = 'Creeping barrage
A battle strategy which combines carefully timed artillery fire with waves of infantry. If mis-timed, friendly fire would kill thousands.';
var glossary_00041 = 'Launched
To have started or got underway.';
var glossary_00042 = 'Bleed France white
The phrase was coined by General Falkenhayn as the stated aim of the Battle of Verdun.';
var glossary_00043 = 'Business as Usual
Phrase coined by Churchill to suggest how British society should react to the wartime situation.';
var glossary_00044 = 'Calamity
Disaster or catastrophe.';
var glossary_00045 = 'Cambrai
Scene of first successful tank battle in 1917.';
var glossary_00046 = 'Schweiger, Captain
Captain of the U-20 submarine which sank the Lusitania.';
var glossary_00047 = 'Turner, Captain
Captain of the Lusitania.';
var glossary_00048 = 'Cavalry
Soldiers on horseback. The cavalry was side-lined in the War as they were not good in trench warfare.';
var glossary_00049 = 'Central Powers
Germany, Austria-Hungary and Turkey.';
var glossary_00050 = 'Charismatic
Charming or captivating.';
var glossary_00051 = 'Chloride of Lime
Used to purify water in the trenches.';
var glossary_00052 = 'Chronically
Extremely or acutely.';
var glossary_00053 = 'Chumpy
Slang term used here to refer to the ill effects of shell shock.';
var glossary_00054 = 'Cite
To quote or refer to.';
var glossary_00055 = 'Clydeside
A region of Glasgow which suffered industrial and civil unrest during and after the War.';
var glossary_00056 = 'Clydeside Workers Committee
A powerful workers organisation set up by a group of shop stewards to resist the Munitions Act.';
var glossary_00057 = 'Coalition
A unified alliance between different groups to achieve a common purpose.';
var glossary_00058 = 'Comradeship
Friendship among fellow soldiers .';
var glossary_00059 = 'Conciliatory
Peacemaking or appeasing.';
var glossary_00060 = 'Conflict
Struggle or battle.';
var glossary_00061 = 'Conscientious Objector
A person who objects to fighting for political, religious or humanistic reasons.';
var glossary_00062 = 'Conscription
A system of compulsory recruitment for the armed services.';
var glossary_00063 = 'Conservative
A British right-wing political party.';
var glossary_00064 = 'Conspiracy
A secret plan.';
var glossary_00065 = 'Conspirators
People who take part in a conspiracy.';
var glossary_00066 = 'Constantinople
Capital of Turkey, now called Istanbul.';
var glossary_00067 = 'Contradict
To say the opposite of.';
var glossary_00068 = 'Controversy
Disagreement or dispute over something.';
var glossary_00069 = 'Convoy system
Merchant ships sail in groups protected by an armed naval escort. The system was used to combat threat of unrestricted submarine warfare.';
var glossary_00070 = 'Schlieffen, Count von
Chief of General Staff until 1906, he formulated the Schlieffen Plan.';
var glossary_00071 = 'Dardanelles
A narrow strip of water dividing European from Asiatic Turkey.';
var glossary_00072 = 'Lloyd George, David
British Prime Minister, 1916-1921.';
var glossary_00073 = 'Daylight saving time
Introduced in 1914 under the Defence of the Realm Act to gain an added hour of daylight.';
var glossary_00074 = 'Decoy
A dummy or imitation copy used to deceive the enemy.';
var glossary_00075 = 'Defence of the Realm Act
D.O.R.A. was introduced in August 1914 to give the Government more control over civilian life.';
var glossary_00076 = 'Delegation
Person or people acting on behalf of others for a fixed purpose.';
var glossary_00077 = 'Demilitarised Zone
An area that has been demilitarised, i.e. from which all military effects have been removed.';
var glossary_00078 = 'Demobilisation
The removal of men from active military service.';
var glossary_00079 = 'Demoralise
A loss of confidence or sense of belief.';
var glossary_00080 = 'Desertion
To leave or run away from.';
var glossary_00081 = 'Deterrent
Something designed to stop a person or people from doing something.';
var glossary_00082 = 'Dogfights
Term for enemy aircraft engaged in aerial combat.';
var glossary_00083 = 'Dominate
To have power or influence over.';
var glossary_00084 = 'Dominion
A country which was part of the British empire, though it had its own government.';
var glossary_00085 = 'Dorsal Gun
A type of machine gun found at the back on some aircraft.';
var glossary_00086 = 'Douai
A town in Northern France.';
var glossary_00087 = 'Dreadnought
A heavily armed battleship.';
var glossary_00088 = 'Duckboards
Boards which were laid down on trench floors and flooded fields to help stop soldiers from sinking into the muddy ground.';
var glossary_00090 = 'Dug-Outs
Name given to the rough living space made in a trench. Later German dug-outs were heavily fortified to withstand shelling.';
var glossary_00091 = 'De Valera, Eamon
A member of the movement campaigning for Irish independence. He took part in the Easter Rebellion of 1916. He was sentenced to life imprisonment, but was later released in 1917.';
var glossary_00092 = 'Eastern Front
Name given to the fighting on the German-Russian, Austro-Russian and Austro-Romanian fronts.';
var glossary_00093 = 'Cavell, Edith
A British Nurse serving in Belgium. Shot in 1915 having been accused of helping allied prisoners to escape.';
var glossary_00094 = 'Emancipate
To set free.';
var glossary_00095 = 'Pankhurst, Emmeline
The famous British woman suffragist. She founded the Womens Social and Political Union (WSPU) in 1903, aimed at giving women the vote and greater social freedom. On the outbreak of World War I, she turned her powers of leadership from the suffragist movement to the war effort.';
var glossary_00096 = 'Entrenched
To be fixed or deeply rooted in an area.';
var glossary_00097 = 'Falkenhayn, General Erich Von
Chief of the Imperial German General Staff.';
var glossary_00098 = 'First Aid Nursing Yeomanry
An organisation of women recruits who ran field hospitals, drove ambulances and worked in troop canteens.';
var glossary_00099 = 'Flanders
A region of Belgium. It was the scene of the third Battle of Ypres and lent its name to the famous first world war poem In Flanders Fields by John McCrae.';
var glossary_00100 = 'Foch, Marshall Ferdinand
French General who became Supreme Commander of the Allied forces in 1918.';
var glossary_00101 = 'Forestalling
Avoiding or averting.';
var glossary_00102 = 'Fourteen Points
The war aims outlined by President Wilson in 1918, which he believed would promote lasting peace.';
var glossary_00103 = 'Gallipoli
Scene of an unsuccessful Allied naval expedition in 1915, off the Dardanelles.';
var glossary_00104 = 'Gangrenous
Having gangrene, rotting.';
var glossary_00105 = 'Princip, Gavrilo
A member of the Serbian Black Hand Gang, he assassinated the Archduke Franz Ferdinand during his visit to Sarajevo on 28 June 1914.';
var glossary_00106 = 'Ludendorff, General Erich Von
Chief of staff of the German Army he supported unrestricted submarine warfare. After the failure of his planned offensive in August 1918 he was forced to resign.';
var glossary_00107 = 'Joffre, General Joseph
Chief of French General Staff. Also known as Papa Joffre.';
var glossary_00108 = 'Haig, General Sir Douglas
Commander in Chief of the BEF from 1915, was in charge of battle strategy at the Somme and Passchendaele.';
var glossary_00109 = 'Barnes, George
Active trade unionist and Labour leader 1910-11.';
var glossary_00110 = 'Clemenceau, Georges
Appointed French Prime Minister in 1917, he was strongly in favour of punishing Germany in the Treaty of Versailles.';
var glossary_00111 = 'German High Seas Fleet
The German Navy.';
var glossary_00112 = 'Gird up our loins
Be prepared for the worst, be brave.';
var glossary_00113 = 'Gotha
A ground attack aircraft that was used to great effect on the Western and Eastern Front during the First World War.';
var glossary_00114 = 'Great Push
The term given to General Haig\'s Somme offensive.';
var glossary_00115 = 'Guttural
Harsh, unpleasant to hear, throaty.';
var glossary_00116 = 'Hague convention
An agreement made in 1899 forbidding the use of poison or poisoned weapons.';
var glossary_00117 = 'Hawthorn Ridge
Scene where mines were detonated on the first day of the Battle of Somme, 1916.';
var glossary_00118 = 'High Command
Name given to the decision making body of the German Army, i.e. Commander in Chief and senior military officials.';
var glossary_00119 = 'Home Front
The name given to the non-combatant part of War in Britain - providing supplies and support for those fighting.';
var glossary_00120 = 'Hydrogen
This colourless, invisible, odourless gas was used in the Zeppelin airships. A highly flammable gas .';
var glossary_00121 = 'Idealist
Having high ideals or principles, optimist.';
var glossary_00122 = 'Ignoble
Shameful or dishonourable.';
var glossary_00123 = 'Impenetrable
Unable to pass, blocked.';
var glossary_00124 = 'Imperial
Refers to all things relating to an Empire or Emperor.';
var glossary_00125 = 'Imperialism
The policy of one nation amassing power through control of other countries.';
var glossary_00126 = 'Inauthentic
Fake, not real.';
var glossary_00127 = 'Incendiary bullets
A bullet that sets fire to something on impact.';
var glossary_00128 = 'Indignant
Angry or annoyed.';
var glossary_00129 = 'Industrial revolution
Describes time in which Britain changed from a rural to an urban economy due to the rapid developments in technology and society.';
var glossary_00130 = 'Inflation
Increase or rise in prices.';
var glossary_00131 = 'IRA
Irish Republican Army founded in 1858. Took part in the Easter Rising 1916.';
var glossary_00132 = 'Hodge, John
Trade Union leader.';
var glossary_00133 = 'Juno
An old battle cruiser that was the only ship within reasonable distance of the Lusitania when she sank. She failed to pick up any survivors.';
var glossary_00134 = 'Wilhelm II, Kaiser
The last Emperor of Germany. He abdicated the throne in 1918.';
var glossary_00135 = 'George V, King
British Monarch from 1910-1936.';
var glossary_00136 = 'Kith and Kin
Family members.';
var glossary_00137 = 'Labour MPs
Parliamentary members of the Labour Party.';
var glossary_00138 = 'Latrines
Outdoor mass toilets.';
var glossary_00139 = 'League Of Nations
A union of countries formed in 1919 through the Treaty of Versailles to uphold peace, security and promote settlements by arbitration.';
var glossary_00140 = 'Leaving certificate
Introduced in 1915 to stop employers outbidding each other for the limited supply of skilled workers. Also stopped the ability of workers to quit and find work elswhere if conditions were bad.';
var glossary_00141 = 'Lenient
Easy-going or tolerant, merciful.';
var glossary_00142 = 'Trotsky, Leon
A member of the Bolshevik (Communist) Party, he became Commissar of War after the Russian Revolution, 1917-1927.';
var glossary_00143 = 'Liberal
Former British political party which was the main opposition to the Conservative party until the early 1920\'s.';
var glossary_00144 = 'Derby, Lord
Introduced a voluntary recruitment policy called the Derby Scheme. British Minister of War 1916-1918.';
var glossary_00145 = 'Kitchener, Lord Horatio Herbert
British Secretary of State for War until 1916.';
var glossary_00146 = 'Northcliffe, Lord Alfred
Powerful British newspaper tycoon who ran the Daily Mail and other newspapers.';
var glossary_00147 = 'Lusitania
British passenger ship that was sunk by a German U-boat in 1915.';
var glossary_00148 = 'Mannock, Edward
Most successful British fighter pilot.';
var glossary_00149 = 'Martyr
Someone willing to suffer or die for a cause.';
var glossary_00150 = 'Mediation
Negotiation or arbitration.';
var glossary_00151 = 'Mesopotamia
A region of South West Asia, now Iraq.';
var glossary_00152 = 'Militant
Aggressive or combative, fighter.';
var glossary_00153 = 'Ministry of Munitions
Established in March 1915 to address the shortage of shells. Initially run by Lloyd George.';
var glossary_00154 = 'Mitigate
To make less severe.';
var glossary_00155 = 'Mobilisation
To make ready or muster forces for military service.';
var glossary_00156 = 'Morale
Confidence or spirits.';
var glossary_00157 = 'Moroccan Crisis
An attempt by Germany to split the Anglo-French Entente Cordiale in 1906.';
var glossary_00158 = 'Munitionette
Name given to woman who worked in a munitions factory.';
var glossary_00159 = 'Munitions
Weapons, i.e. shells.';
var glossary_00160 = 'Naivety
Innocence or gullibility.';
var glossary_00161 = 'Naval Arms Race
Term given to the competition between Germany and Britain to out-build each other\'s Navy.';
var glossary_00162 = 'Neutral
Does not take sides, impartial.';
var glossary_00163 = 'Neuve Chapelle
Battle in the Artois region of France, 10-13 March 1915.';
var glossary_00164 = 'Night patrols
Practice of keeping guard or monitoring enemy positions, by night.';
var glossary_00165 = 'No-man\'s land
The barren territory that lay between the opposing Allied and German trenches on the Western Front.';
var glossary_00166 = 'Obligation
Duty or responsibility to.';
var glossary_00167 = 'Offensive
An attack or assault.';
var glossary_00168 = 'Order of the White Feather
Group of women who handed out white feathers to non-uniformed men to shame them into joining up.';
var glossary_00169 = 'Over-the-top
Term given to the act of climbing out of a trench and going forward into battle.';
var glossary_00170 = 'Pacifism
Belief that conflict should be settled by peaceful means.';
var glossary_00171 = 'Pacifist
Peacekeeper or a person who is anti-war.';
var glossary_00172 = 'PAL\'s
Name given to the men from the same town or trade who were encouraged to join up together.';
var glossary_00173 = 'Parson
A member of the clergy, e.g. priest or vicar.';
var glossary_00174 = 'Peer group pressure
Pressure to conform or agree with the beliefs or actions of a dominant social group.';
var glossary_00175 = 'Peninsula
Neck of land or cape that juts out from the land.';
var glossary_00176 = 'Pivotal
Name given to some industries like mining, building, engineering had to be kept going to make jobs for other people.';
var glossary_00177 = 'Poison gas
First used as a weapon at the Second Battle of Ypres. It could cause temporary blindness and suffocation.';
var glossary_00178 = 'Portrayal
Representation or description.';
var glossary_00179 = 'Premeditated
Planned or intentional.';
var glossary_00180 = 'Primary Source
First hand evidence .';
var glossary_00181 = 'Propaganda
Information given to show something or someone in a biased way.';
var glossary_00182 = 'Prosecute
To put on trial or act against.';
var glossary_00183 = 'Punitive
To exact punishment.';
var glossary_00184 = 'Race for the Sea
The name commonly given to the 1914 strategy of both armies trying to out-flank each other and reach the Belgian coast first.';
var glossary_00185 = 'Rank
Position or level.';
var glossary_00186 = 'Rank and file
The ordinary members.';
var glossary_00187 = 'Rasputin, Grigori
Russian monk who exerted much influence over Tsar Nicholas II and the Tsarina, and was murdered by Russian politicians.';
var glossary_00188 = 'Ration (or rationing)
A limited portion or allowance of food or goods; a policy of controlling food supplies.';
var glossary_00189 = 'Rawlinson, General Sir Henry
Field Commander during the First World War and British representative on the Supreme War Council, February 1918.';
var glossary_00190 = 'Reconnaissance
Investigation and information-gathering, spying.';
var glossary_00191 = 'Red Baron
Nickname given to the famous German fighter pilot, Baron Von Richthofen.';
var glossary_00192 = 'Reparations
Financial compensation or repayment.';
var glossary_00193 = 'Repudiation
Rejection or denial of.';
var glossary_00194 = 'Retaliation
Fighting back, revenge.';
var glossary_00195 = 'Rhineland
An area of land extending from the northern borders of France and Western Germany .';
var glossary_00196 = 'River Aisne
Place where the German Army took up a defensive position after the Battle of Marne, 1914.';
var glossary_00197 = 'Royal Air Force
Formed in April 1918 when the British Royal Flying Corps and the Royal Naval Air Service joined together.';
var glossary_00198 = 'Rudimentary
Basic.';
var glossary_00199 = 'Scapa Flow
Area in the North Sea where the British Grand Fleet were based during the First World War.';
var glossary_00200 = 'Schlieffen Plan
A strategy drawn up by Germany to avoid fighting a war on two fronts.';
var glossary_00201 = 'Secondary Source
Refers to a source that is not a first hand.';
var glossary_00202 = 'Shell scandal
The term was popularly used to describe the shortage of shells at the battle of Neuve Chapelle in 1915.';
var glossary_00203 = 'Shell shock
Medical condition caused by prolonged exposure to the distressing experiences of trench warfare.';
var glossary_00204 = 'Shop steward
Elected by fellow workers as the voice of the shop-floor in meetings with management.';
var glossary_00205 = 'Sassoon, Siegfried
Soldier and famous poet of the First World War .';
var glossary_00206 = 'Sinn Fein
Meaning \'we ourselves\' in Gaelic, it is the name of an Irish political party in favour of a united Irish Republic. It became active during the 1916 Easter Rising in Ireland.';
var glossary_00207 = 'Grey, Sir Edward
British Foreign Secretary during the First World War.';
var glossary_00208 = 'Slavic
Term given to peoples living in Eastern European countries like Russia, Serbia, Ukraine, Poland, Slovakia and Bulgaria, etc.';
var glossary_00209 = 'Sniper
Hidden enemy gunman.';
var glossary_00210 = 'Sopwith Camel
A single-engine fighter aircraft introduced by the British in 1917.';
var glossary_00211 = 'Sovereignty
Highest power or authority.';
var glossary_00212 = 'Splendid Isolation
Term used to describe Britain\'s policy of \'keeping itself to itself\' before the First World War.';
var glossary_00213 = 'Stalemate
Term used to describe the deadlock on the Western Front during the First World War.';
var glossary_00214 = 'Stand-down
Name given to the daily evening routine in the trenches.';
var glossary_00215 = 'Stand-to
Name given to the daily morning routine in the trenches.';
var glossary_00216 = 'Strike truce
An agreement not to strike. In this context, trade unions agreed a truce for the duration of the War.';
var glossary_00217 = 'Strike
A refusal to work aimed at forcing employers to accept workers demands.';
var glossary_00218 = 'Suffragettes
Women who campaigned for women\'s right to vote.';
var glossary_00219 = 'Sustenance
Food and drink.';
var glossary_00220 = '\'Sweated\' industry
Where people work long hours for low pay in poor conditions.';
var glossary_00221 = 'Tactics
Plan of action or strategy to achieve particular objective.';
var glossary_00222 = 'Testament
Witness, proof of.';
var glossary_00223 = 'Torpedo
A self-propelled missile fired from a ship, submarine or aircraft that explodes on impact.';
var glossary_00224 = 'Total War
Organisation of whole countries, its people and products, to provide for the war machine.';
var glossary_00225 = 'Trade Unionist
Member of a trade union.';
var glossary_00226 = 'Trade Union
A group of employees organised to ensure labour laws and practices are fair.';
var glossary_00227 = 'Trench fever
An influenza-like virus spread by lice.';
var glossary_00228 = 'Trench Foot
A rotting disease of the feet caused by overexposure to the cold and damp of the trenches.';
var glossary_00229 = 'Trench warfare
Form of fighting whereby two sides fight each other from opposing trenches.';
var glossary_00230 = 'Triple Alliance
Name of the defensive alliance between Germany, Austro-Hungary and Italy.';
var glossary_00231 = 'Triple Entente
Name of the French, British and Russian partnership.';
var glossary_00232 = 'Nicholas II, Tsar
Last Emperor of Russia. He was overthrown in the Russian Revolution and later murdered with his family.';
var glossary_00233 = 'U-20
German U-boat that sunk the Lusitania.';
var glossary_00234 = 'U-boat
German submarine, taken from the German \'Unterseeboat\'.';
var glossary_00235 = 'Ultimatum
Terms presented by one power (or group of powers) to another.';
var glossary_00236 = 'Unionisation
Growth or development of trade unions within an industry or society.';
var glossary_00237 = 'Unrestricted Submarine Warfare
Policy adopted by the German Navy to cut off enemy supplies of food and resources. All ships were subject to attack without warning.';
var glossary_00238 = 'Utmost
Greatest or furthest.';
var glossary_00239 = 'Vanquished
To be conquered or beaten.';
var glossary_00240 = 'Vanquishers
Conquerors or winners.';
var glossary_00241 = 'Verdun
The setting of a major German offensive against the French in 1916, and the longest battle of the War.';
var glossary_00242 = 'Vickers Machine Gun
The standard heavy machine gun used by the British Army from 1912.';
var glossary_00243 = 'Orlando, Vittorio
Prime Minister of Italy 1917-1919.';
var glossary_00244 = 'Lenin, Vladimir Illych
As leader of the Bolshevik (Communist) Party, he became leader of the country after the Russian Revolution in 1917.';
var glossary_00245 = 'Voluntary Aid Detachments
VADs, formed in 1909 to provide medical help in times of war.';
var glossary_00246 = 'Volunteer Army
Name given to British troops who answered Lord Kitchener\'s calls for recruitment.';
var glossary_00247 = 'Richthofen, Baron Von
Famous German fighter pilot, also known as the \'Red Baron\'.';
var glossary_00248 = 'War fatalism
An offhand attitude to war owing to the belief that actions are predetermined and therefore unavoidable.';
var glossary_00249 = 'War Propaganda Bureau
(WPB) Set up by Lloyd George, August 1914 to control information and encourage public support for the War.';
var glossary_00250 = 'Western Front
The name given to the stretch of land in France and Belgium between the North coast and the Swiss border that saw the bulk of the action in the First World War.';
var glossary_00251 = 'Owen, Wilfred
Soldier and celebrated war poet. He served in the First World War from 1915 until he was killed in 1918, a week before peace was declared.';
var glossary_00252 = 'Churchill, Winston
Lord of the Admiralty at the outbreak of war, he was later appointed Minister of Munitions in 1917 and Secretary of State for War in 1918.';
var glossary_00253 = 'Women\'s Land Army
Established to help produce more food supplies and goods to sustain the war effort.';
var glossary_00254 = 'Women\'s Auxiliary Corps
WAACs were used to release men from administrative jobs so they could join the fighting.';
var glossary_00255 = 'Women\'s Royal Air Force
Branch of the Royal Air Force formed in April 1918. Also known as the WRAF.';
var glossary_00256 = 'Women\'s Royal Naval Service
Formed in 1916, they were also known as the Wrens (or WRNS).';
var glossary_00257 = 'Wilson, President Woodrow
President of the United States.';
var glossary_00258 = 'First Battle of Ypres
Heralded the beginning of stalemate on the Western Front in 1914.';
var glossary_00259 = 'Second Battle of Ypres
April 1915. Battle in which poison gas was first used.';
var glossary_00260 = 'Third Battle of Ypres
The last great war of attrition, 1917. More commonly known as Passchendaele.';
var glossary_00261 = 'Ypres
Town in Belgium that was the scene of three major battles in the First World War.';
var glossary_00262 = 'Zeppelin
Large, hydrogen filled airships named after Count Alfred Von Zeppelin.';