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Science topics ages 8 - 9
Solids and liquids
Curriculum relevance
| Online lesson plan
Offline lesson
plan | Worksheet | Activity |
Quiz
Offline lesson plan
Objectives
Investigate melting and cooling in a range of materials
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National Curriculum
England: Key Stage 2, Science, Sc3, 2b, 2c, 2d
Wales: Key Stage 2, Physical processes, 3.1, 3.5
Northern Ireland: Key Stage 2, Materials, Properties d, Change c
Scotland: 5-14 Guidelines, Science, Changing materials Level B, Materials from Earth Level C
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Resources required
Copies of the Solids and liquids worksheet printed from the Science Clips website
Pictures of water and ice
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Teaching activities
Introduction
Ask the children to explain the properties of solids and liquids. Elicit the main facts, such as solids keep their shape whereas liquids flow to fill containers. Ask the children if a material always stays as a solid or a liquid. How can it be changed? Ask the children for examples, such as ice-cream or snow melting. Show pictures of water and ice and clouds. Explain that water freezes at 0°C. This is called the freezing point of water. It is also the melting point of ice.
Activities
Hand out copies of the Solids and liquids worksheet, one per child. Explain the table listing the melting points of a range of solids. What happens at the melting point? Read out one of the questions and ask children to explain how they would use the table to find the answer. Once children are confident they understand what the table is showing, and how to use the table to answer questions, ask the children to complete the worksheet independently. Write some additional questions related to the melting point table on the board for children who finish quickly. If any children are struggling on their own, pair them with a child of different ability.
Plenary
Ask children the following questions. Do all solids melt at the same temperature? Would metals be used in the same way if they had low melting points? In what circumstances is it useful that solids can be changed to liquids on heating (e.g. melting wax to shape candles, moulding molten metal or plastic)? Tell the children that they have learned to find facts from a table of results, and ask in what ways is a table more useful than a paragraph of writing.
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Extension
Ask the children to construct a graph of the melting points of the materials they investigated on the worksheet, and to devise statements and questions that can be displayed for others to investigate.
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Suggested homework
Compile a list of useful changes of state observed in their homes, e.g. melting butter. Bring the list into class to compare and discuss.
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