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Science topics ages 8 - 9
Solids and liquids
Curriculum relevance
| Online lesson plan
Offline lesson
plan | Worksheet | Activity |
Quiz
Online lesson plan
Objectives
Investigate melting and cooling in a range of materials
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National Curriculum
England: Key Stage 2, Science, Sc3, 2b, 2c, 2d
Wales: Key Stage 2, Physical processes, 3.1, 3.5
Northern Ireland: Key Stage 2, Materials, Properties d, Change c
Scotland: 5-14 Guidelines, Science, Changing materials Level B, Materials from
Earth Level C
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Resources required
Online activity from Science Clips website: Solids and liquids
Pictures of water and ice
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Teaching activities
Introduction
Ask the children to explain the properties of solids and liquids. Elicit the
main facts, such as solids keep their shape whereas liquids flow to fill
containers. Ask the children if a material always stays as a solid or a liquid.
How can it be changed? Ask the children for examples, such as ice-cream or snow
melting. Show pictures of water and ice and clouds. Explain that water freezes
at 0°C. This is called the freezing point of water. It is also the melting
point of ice.
Activities
Tell the children they are going to investigate the melting and freezing of a
range of materials in a virtual experiment. On an interactive whiteboard, bring
up the online activity. Show children, 1) how to place a different substance
into the container, 2) how to heat the substance, 3) how to cool the substance,
4) where to watch the changing temperature display, 5) how to test the
substance.
Divide the children into groups with a computer for each group. Ask the
children to heat and cool each of the substances in the menu, and to record the
melting point of each for discussion later.
Plenary
Ask children the following questions. Do all solids melt at the same
temperature? Which order do the solids you tested melt in? Which of the solids
you tested do you think would melt on a hot day? Tell the children that they
have learned that solids can become liquids when heated to different
temperatures, and ask them when they think this would be useful (e.g. melting
wax to shape candles, moulding molten metal or plastic).
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Extension
Ask the children to construct a graph of the melting points of the materials
they tested, and to devise statements and questions that can be displayed for
others to investigate.
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Suggested homework
Compile a list of useful changes of state observed in their homes, e.g.
melting butter. Bring the list into class to compare and discuss.
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