If you are asked to multiply 237 by 4 without using a calculator, it is likely that you will set it out something like this:
a) We start with 4 x 7, which is 28, so we write the 8 and carry the 2. b) 3 x 4 = 12, but we must remember to add the carried 2, so we get 14. We write the 4 and carry the 1. c) 2 x 4 = 8, and we add the carried 1 to get 9.
This method is called short multiplication.
Long multiplication
In short multiplication, the number we multiplied by consisted of a single digit (less than
10). In long multiplication the number we multiply by will consist of at least 2 digits
(10 or more), and the method is slightly different:
