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All animal and plant cells have a nucleus, cytoplasm and a cell membrane. Plant cells also have a cell wall, chloroplasts and a vacuole. Different parts of the cell are adapted to perform different functions.
Humans grow at different rates at different stages in their lives. Gestation and infancy are the times of fastest growth.
Growth
Plant and animal cells
All animals and plants are made of cells. Animal cells and plant cells have features in common, such as a nucleus, cytoplasm and cell membrane. Plant cells also have a cell wall, chloroplasts and a large vacuole.
Cell functions in all cells
| Part | Function |
|---|---|
| Nucleus | Contains genetic material (DNA) which controls the activities of the cell |
| Cytoplasm | Contains enzymes and other chemicals – it's the site of most cell processes and reactions |
| Cell membrane | Regulates the movement of material into and out of the cell |
Cell functions in plant cells
| Part | Function |
|---|---|
| Cell wall | Supports the cell, made of cellulose |
| Chloroplast | Absorbs light energy and uses it to produce sugars in photosynthesis. Chloroplasts mainly found in leaf cells. |
| Large vacuole | Provides support by exerting pressure on the cell contents. Contains a solution of minerals and other nutrients. |
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