Non-metal ions

You need to be able to show the electronic structure of some common non-metal ions, using diagrams like these:

Fluorine, F

Fluorine is in Group 7. It has seven electrons [electrons: Sub-atomic particles, with a negative charge and a negligible mass relative to protons and neutrons. ] in its highest energy level. It gains an electron from another atom in reactions, forming a fluoride ion, F^-.

Note that the atom is called fluorine, but the ion is called fluoride.

Neon atom

Note that a fluoride ion has the same electronic structure as a neon atom (Ne).

Once again, a fluoride ion is not a neon atom, because the nucleus [nucleus: The central part of an atom. It contains protons and neutrons, and has most of the mass of the atom. ] of a fluoride ion is the nucleus of a fluorine atom, with 9 protons, and not of a neon atom, with 10.

Chlorine, Cl

Chlorine is in Group 7. It has seven electrons in its highest energy level. It gains an electron from another atom in reactions, forming a chloride ion, Cl^-.

Oxygen, O

Oxygen is in Group 6. It has six electrons in its highest energy level. It gains two electrons from one or two other atoms in reactions, forming an oxide ion, O^2-.