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ICT

What is a network?

A computer network is a number of computers linked together to allow them to share resources. Networked computers can share hardwarehardware: The physical components of a computer., softwaresoftware: A general term used to describe an application or a program. and data [data: information without context, eg a list of students with numbers beside their names is data, when it's made clear that those numbers represent their placing in a 100 metre race, the data becomes information ].

Most computer networks have at least one server. A server is a powerful computer that provides one or more services to a network and its users. For example, file storage and emailemail: electronic mail - a message written or typed on a computer and sent electronically rather than by post.

LANs and WANs

There are two main types of network:

  1. Local Area Network (LAN)
  2. Wide Area Network (WAN)

LAN

A LAN covers a small area such as one site or building, eg a school or a college.

Shows multiple workstations connected in a circle,  including a server.

LAN - Local Area Network

WAN

A WAN covers a large geographical area. Most WANs are made from several LANs connected together.

Shows a WAN, made from several smaller networks, which could be local area networks (LAN). Each of the smaller networks has it's own server and multiple workstations connected.

WAN - Wide Area Network

  • The InternetInternet: a global network connecting millions of computers is a WAN.
  • A network of bank cash dispensers is a WAN.
  • A school network is usually a LAN.
  • LANs are often connected to WANs, for example a school network could be connected to the Internet.
  • WANs can be connected together using the Internet, leased lines or satellite links.

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