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Catching Godwits in New Zealand

The Alaskan Bar-tailed Godwit has one of the most extraordinary migrations of all our animals. Last year, experts from Massey University tagged a female Godwit and discovered that she flew 7,200 miles/11,500 km non-stop from Alaska to New Zealand. Our reporter David Steemson is in New Zealand waiting for Godwits to migrate and he's talking to Dr Phil Battley.

Alaskan Bar-tailed Godwit from the Nature Picture Library

Catching Godwits

Our reporter, David Steemson, and Dr Phil Battley discuss the difficulty of catching and tagging Godwits

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Last year, Dr Phil Battley and his team from the Massey University revealed that one particular female Godwit, lovingly named E7, set a world record for the longest known journey without stop - a stunning 11,500km from Alaska to New Zealand. This year they will be hoping to put satellite tags on some males in order to ascertain whether their migration is any different. Unfortunately, tagging Godwits is a tricky business but Dr Phil Battley and his colleagues have designed special nets so that they can catch the birds.

Our reporter in New Zealand, David Steemson, went down to the Miranda Shore Bird Centre, which is 80 km south of Auckland to find out about the logistics of catching Godwits. First up, the nets need to be attached to the mudflat and secured before dusk so the birds can be caught in the dark. Dr Phil wants to tag 10 large males, as these are the most likely to survive the epic journey and therefore provide the best data, so the nets will have to initially accomodate up to 50 birds. These 50 birds will then be filtered so that only the largest males remain for tagging. The bill length of these birds is the best indicator of size and this is how Dr Phil and his team will determine which Godwits to tag. Let's hope they can successfully catch and tag a few individuals because the annual migration of the Bar-tailed Godwit is truly astonishing.

Godwits are bulky, feisty birds that are hard to catch but you can find out in the next edition of World On the Move whether they were successful.

Further Reading:

Next report: Nine tagged Godwits
Dr Phil Battley works for the Pacific Shorebird Migration Project

User comments

yvonne filbey
This is good ; upto date recording and research into this staggering migration.There have been reports about this globe flying bird for many years, but no details as specific as this. Do the Godwits settle in all suitable coastal regions of Alaska ? Do the researchers know what is so important in their diet , found in Alaska, that is not available in New Zealand? Perhaps the determining factor is availability of large ammounts of food. LOCATION: 51.0656,-0.3296 DATE: Wed, 27 Feb 2008 16:39:39 UTC WOtM team: Robert Gill, Shorebird Research project leader says; The principal autumn staging grounds for godwits in Alaska include the central and southern Yukon-Kuskokwim River delta and several estuaries along the north side of the Alaska Peninsula. All are extremely rich in intertidal invertebrates; indeed, they have been assessed as some of, if not the richest littoral habitats in the world. At these sites godwits forage over areas of mixed mud and sand and roost (depending on the height of the tide) on the flats themselves or on offshore sand bars. The odd high tides forces them onto coastal tundra to roost. Principal prey items of the godwits while on intertidal areas in Alaska include small clams (Macoma and Mya spp.) and large polychaete worms (Arenicola spp.). So it is not only the availability of high quality prey in Alaska that shapes the migration strategy of these birds but similarly rich intertidal feeding areas at the other end of the migration corridor in New Zealand and eastern Australia. Other factors such as predation pressure, predictable winds, and exposure to pathogens all likely play a role in why godwits have evolved this particular migration strategy; but these and other topics can be discussed in greater detail as the story unfolds.

Pam Reynolds
Very interested in the programme.Fascinated by the Alaskan godwit.Will there be any news about wildebeeste movements? I know they go to the Masai mara in July time but it seems that they keep on moving around in Tanzania. WOtM team: We actually covered Wildebeest in some detail in Programme 6. You can listen to this programme again by clicking on the "Programmes" tab in the left hand column. We are also hoping to go back them later in the series.

Jeany Poulsen & Ian Chapman
We were lucky enough to visit Miranda Shore Bird Centre in New Zealand on 18th October last year. It is in a relatively poor, rural area that is not particularly fashionable for tourists because there are no sandy beaches, and all the more atmospheric and unspoilt as a result. We walked out to the hide through a rather bleak but beautiful landscape of marshes, mangroves and shifting sands ("cheniers"?). Crucially for bird-watching here, the tide was in, brilliant, clear light reflecting off the sand and the flat waters of the Firth of Thames, backed by the rocky silhouette of the Coromandel Peninsula. There were hundreds of feeding birds, including the busy little wrybills with their uniquely sideways-bent beaks; and of course, the bar-tailed godwits, who looked so very much at home in that environment that it was almost impossible to believe they ever left it, let alone popping up north for a spot of Alaskan grub. And back..... LOCATION: 50.6564,-2.5488 DATE: Wed, 26 Mar 2008 22:57:35 UTC

palle reimer
i will follow the project with great pleasure. LOCATION: 54.9918,12.2800 DATE: Mon, 24 Mar 2008 15:28:57 UTC

graceandrangi@xtra.co.nz
i have a deep respect for this magnificent bird whose migration is unparalled by any other bird. I strongly support the work that men like Phil Batterly do. In New Zealand the bird has a deep cultural significancefor Maori who saw the birds as spiritual taonga. When they arrive to Aotearoa in September I am spirituallymoved by their presence here, likewize when they leave a sadness fills my heart and I pray that they willreturn home here to Aotearoa safely. Haere ra taonga o te Atua - LOCATION: -36.866699,174.766693 DATE: Mon, 10 Mar 2008 04:50:25 GMT

David Allen
Fantastic programme! Are the Godwits recaptured to remove the tags? If not, what are the long-term implications for the individual birds? The information obtained is vital for conservation, but has the research programme passed through an ethics review process? LOCATION: 52.1941,0.1346 DATE: Tue, 26 Feb 2008 10:44:19 GMT WOtM team: Over to our expert Dr Phil Battley again: The tags we are using are both implanted and permanent, which does indeed demand that the research is subject to ethical review. The work we are doing has received ethics approval from Massey University and is also covered by Department of Conservation research permits in New Zealand. No catching or tagging of any protected species is allowed without such permits. Because the godwits live in large groups (there are 3-4000 godwits at Miranda, for instance), the chance of ever recapturing a satellite-tagged individual is small, and even if we did it would take a specialist vet to remove the tag. We know of one bird that has been successfully migrating back and forth between Alaska and New Zealand with a tag for the past three years. It seems that once the tag is inside the bird the body adjusts to accommodate the extra mass, as it must do every migration when they put on fuel for the flights. Luckily for us, female birds of most species only have one active ovary so we can place the tag on the other side and knot that it’s not going interfere with egg production.

John Wood, Lyme Regis
In answer to Penelope Smith comment you said that , "A satellite-tagged male settled in Russia last year for the breeding season, but as his migration was clearly hampered by his backpack transmitter it’s unclear how much we can ‘trust’ his destination". If this is the case aren't all the birds somewhat hampered by the radio packs?What is the weight of a pack and what can be the weight of a godwit after an eight day flight when fat reserves have been used and internal organs have begun to be utilised for fuel? It is on these extremely long flights when any additional weight that the bird is carrying will be an immense burden. LOCATION: 51.633301,-0.766700 DATE: Tue, 19 Feb 2008 22:53:23 UTC

TONY GALLON
I have never seen Bar-tailed Godwit in Mexico. Since they nest in western Alaska it would seem logical that they would migrate down western coast of America to here rather than go to NZ. I see from Sibley that there are a few scattered records on west coast of US. I also know that several Palearctic migrants migrate west from Alaska to Asia rather than the "obvious" route down the Americas. My question is why this preference for the sea journey and why the preference for western Pacific migration? Do the Godwits follow the same route as Golden Plovers to Hawaii and onward? PS visiting NZ this year so could see BTGodwits there! LOCATION: 22.7736,-102.5611 DATE: Tue, 19 Feb 2008 21:38:02 UTC

David Lowther, Bracknell, Berks.
Presumably someone has worked out the 'dynamics' of E7's 11700km flight. How much energy does a half kg bird need to fly that distance? How much weight does it loose on the flight? Does it rely on a favourable tail wind for a lot of the journey? LOCATION: 55.950001,-3.200000 DATE: Tue, 19 Feb 2008 21:29:47 UTC

Edmumd Haviland, Godalming
Fascinating programme heard in the car.Godwits from Alaska to New Zealand non-stop! And return? And again? Almost all the way over the sea? Is it known at what height they fly? Are the prevailing winds helpful? LOCATION: 53.5175,-2.2357 DATE: Tue, 19 Feb 2008 13:03:09 UTC WOtM team: Over to Dr Phil Battley again; The godwits will likely migrate at quite an altitude – perhaps 1-4 km high. They leave on migration with good winds when they can – in New Zealand this means when an anticyclone is between New Zealand and Australia or when a low pressure system has just passed. That way they can get tail winds for the first segment of their journey. Of course, with a 10,000 km flight, they have several different wind zones to traverse and we there’s no guarantee that good winds in NZ will be followed by good winds further north.

Pat Souter.
I saw bar-tailed Godwits (Limosa lapponica) on inland water just two weeks ago here in Aberdeenshire. Is this the same bird as the Alaskan bar-tailed Godwit? LOCATION: 56.066700,-3.166700 DATE: Tue, 19 Feb 2008 11:46:10 UTC WOtM team: It's possible to see Bar-tailed Godwits where you are but they won't be the Alaskan ones which are a different sub-species

Anne Sanders, St.Ives, Cornwall.
No Question, Just wanted to say how much I enjoyed listening to the programme this morning, especially about the Bar-tailed Godwit and it's amazing journey! I look forward to the next programme. LOCATION: 50.2138,-5.5179 DATE: Tue, 19 Feb 2008 11:37:32 UTC

Penelope Smith - Rickmansworth
I used to live in New Zealand, and have seen the Godwits at Miranda in the N.Z. summer - an amazing sight. I understood however, that their destination when they left N.Z. was Siberia. Is this incorrect, or do some of them go there and others to Alaska? LOCATION: 51.6572,-0.3790 DATE: Sun, 17 Feb 2008 16:39:04 UTC WOtM team: According to Dr Phil Battley, our expert on the godwit in New Zealand, as far as we know virtually all of New Zealand’s godwits breed in Alaska. However we have some tantalising sightings of birds tagged in New Zealand seen in Russia that raise the possibility that a small proportion breeds in Russia rather than Alaska. A satellite-tagged male settled in Russia last year for the breeding season, but as his migration was clearly hampered by his backpack transmitter it’s unclear how much we can ‘trust’ his destination.

Katie Tibbitts
When will the godwits arrive in Alaska? Will the BBC be there to greet them? LOCATION: 42.6643,-71.2271 DATE: Sun, 17 Feb 2008 12:19:55 GMT WOtM team: The first godwits to reach Alaska can do so at the very end of April, but most will reach there in early to mid-May. We're not 100% sure whether we can be there yet.

Elizabeth Wright St.John's Newfoundland and Labrad
Are you tracking humpback whales in the North Atlantic as well? LOCATION: 45.416698,-75.699997 DATE: Sat, 16 Feb 2008 23:13:03 UTC WOtM team: Yes, we're hoping to and there will be on this story later in the series

Eliza Purves, Birdlings Flat, Canterbury, New Zeal
What percentage overall of migrating godwits survive the migration in one direction? is the survival rate better going North or South? LOCATION: -43.8306,172.7271 DATE: Sat, 16 Feb 2008 08:07:44 GMT WOtM team: Dr Phil Battley, our godwit expert in New Zealand has this to say: This is a great question, but one that we cannot answer! Annual survival of godwits in New Zealand seems to be around 90%, which includes mortality from both northward and southward flights, so on average birds migrate pretty successfully. Migration is nevertheless probably an important cause of mortality in long-distance migrants such as godwits, and it may be that periods of high mortality occur only intermittently (e.g. years when winds are poor during flight). A godwit colour-banded in New Zealand a few years ago was found dead in Australia last year, probably after having arrived there on its migration southwards, so simply reaching land doesn’t guarantee survival. We also have records of newly-arrived godwits dead on beaches in New Zealand after migrating from Alaska.

Mel Smith. Haddenham. Bucks.
I am particuly intrested in Lampreys, there is not much info on these creatures anywhere. Do these migrate. LOCATION: 51.7780,-.9352 DATE: Fri, 15 Feb 2008 19:30:00 GMT WOtM team: Lampreys are an interesting species and do indeed migrate

Jon Knokes, London
Thanks for the link, most interesting. Is E7 still flying? And if so, will you be giving us an update this year? LOCATION: 51.5002,-0.1840 DATE: Thu, 14 Feb 2008 22:15:44 GMT WOtM team: We will have to ask Dr Phil Battley but it's safe to assume that E7 is still alive and well. However, we are not sure that we will be able to track her this year as the battery in her satellite tag has expired.

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