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The Elizabethans
In 1558 Mary I died and Elizabeth I came to the throne. Mary Queen of Scots was a serious threat to Elizabeth.
Catholic legislation was repealed and England became Protestant by law with the Sovereign declared Supreme Governor of the English Church.
Elizabeth knew she faced opposition from not only the Catholics but the Puritans. The Puritans were led by the fanatical Protestant exiles of Mary's reign.
Elizabeth I |
ELIZABETH I (1533-1603)- Queen of England and Ireland (1558-1603)
- The daughter of Henry VIII and Anne Boleyn
- Sanctioned restoration of the Protestant church on her accession in 1558
- Held an uneasy peace with Catholics until the Northern Earls' Rising (1569) and the execution of Mary Queen of Scots (1587)
- Turned England into a major force in maritime, warfare and trade
- Succeeded by James VI of Scotland and I of England
Elizabeth's balancing act between Protestant and Catholic led John Knox to remark: "She that now reigneth over them is neither good Protestant nor yet resolute Papist."
 
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| 1558 | England loses Calais to France
Mary I dies
Elizabeth I becomes Queen of England
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| 1565 | Mary Queen of Scots marries Lord Darnley
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| 1567 | Darnley is murdered and Mary marries Bothwell
Mary abdicates and James becomes VI of Scotland
(later I of England)
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| 1568 | Mary flees to England and is imprisoned
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| 1570 | The Pope excommunicates Elizabeth I
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| 1587 | Execution of Mary Queen of Scots
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| 1588 | The Spanish Armada is defeated
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| 1603 | Elizabeth I dies
James I becomes King of England
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| SOME ELIZABETHAN PROTESTANTS | | • | Sir Matthew Parker, Archbishop of Canterbury |
| • | Nicholas Bacon, Lord Keeper of the Great Seal |
| • | Roger Ascham |
| • | Robert Cecil |
| • | Sir Francis Walsingham |
| • | John Knox |
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