Conduct your own research by using our links and reading list.
The Siege of Constantinople:
Further Reading:
Philip Mansel, Constantinople: City of the World's Desire, 1453-1924 (Penguin, 1997)
Roger Crowley, Constantinople: The Last Great Siege, 1453 (Faber and Faber, 2006)
Judith Herrin, The Fall of Constantinople – article in History Today magazine (Vol.53, June 2003)
J. R. Melville Jones, The Fall of Constantinople 1453: Seven Contemporary Accounts (Amsterdam 1972)
J. R. Jones, Nicolo Barbaro: A Diary of the Siege of Constantinople 1453 (New York 1969)
Nestor-Iskander, The Tale of Constantinople (of Its Origin and Capture by the Turks in the Year 1453), translated and annotated by Walter K. Hanak and Marios Philippides (New Rochelle NY and Athens 1998)
M. Philippides, The Fall of the Byzantine Empire: A Chronicle by George Sphrantzes 1401-7477 (Arnherst, 1980)
Steven Runciman, The Fall of Constantinople 1453 (Cambridge 1965);
Mark Bartusis, The Late Byzantine Army: Arms and Society, 1204-1453 (Philadelphia, 1992)
John Freely , Istanbul: The Imperial City (Penguin)
John Julius Norwich, A Shorter History of Byzantium (Penguin)
Colin Imber, The Ottoman Empire, 1300-1650 (Palgrave Macmillan)
Jason Goodwin, Lords of the Horizons: A History of the Ottoman Empire (Vintage)
