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Programmes ontology

This Version
2009-02-20, http://purl.org/ontology/po/2009-02-20.shtml (rdf)
Latest Version
http://purl.org/ontology/po/
Previous Version
http://purl.org/ontology/po/2008-02-28.shtml
Authors of this document
Yves Raimond
Patrick Sinclair
Nicholas J Humfrey
Michael Smethurst

Introduction

This ontology aims at providing a simple vocabulary for describing programmes. It covers brands, series (seasons), episodes, broadcast events, broadcast services, etc. Its development was funded by the BBC, and is heavily grounded on previous programmes data modelling work done there.

This documentation page is a first draft. All feedback on either the ontology or this page is welcomed! Feel free to email the authors mentioned aboved.

The design and layout of this ontology document is based on the Music Ontology and FOAF Vocabulary specification documents, and was generated using OntoSpec.

Namespaces

Several namespaces will be assumed to have been defined for the remainder of this document. These are as follows:

Prefix Namespace Description
dc http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/ DCMI Namespace for the Dublin Core Metadata Element Set, Version 1.1
dcterms http://purl.org/dc/terms/ DCMI Namespace for metadata terms in the http://purl.org/dc/terms/ namespace
event http://purl.org/NET/c4dm/event.owl#
foaf http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/ Friend of a Friend (FOAF) vocabulary
frbr http://purl.org/vocab/frbr/core#
geo http://www.w3.org/2003/01/geo/wgs84_pos# geo
mo http://purl.org/ontology/mo/
owl http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
po http://purl.org/ontology/po/ Programmes ontology
rdf http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns# The RDF Vocabulary (RDF)
rdfs http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema# The RDF Schema vocabulary (RDFS)
skos http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
tags http://www.holygoat.co.uk/owl/redwood/0.1/tags/ An ontology for tags.
tl http://purl.org/NET/c4dm/timeline.owl#
vs http://www.w3.org/2003/06/sw-vocab-status/ns#
xsd http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#

The Programme Model

The programme model is inspired from the PIPS database schema, used at the BBC. It describes how brands, series, episodes, particular versions of episodes and broadcasts interact with each other.

By going further on, we can associate to each of these episodes a particular version (which would correspond to a Manifestation in FRBR terms). This version can then be the factor of a broadcast event, occurring on a particular service (eg. BBC One London) at a particular time.

A simple depiction of the different modelled concepts and their interaction is the following one:

Overview of the Programmes Ontology concepts

Overview of Terms

An alphabetical index of the ontology terms, divided into classes, properties and individuals. All the terms are hyperlinked to their detailed description for quick reference.

Ontology Terms

Classes

Class: po:AudioDescribedVersion - testing -

AudioDescribedVersion - A version holding an audio description.

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sub-class-of:Version

Class: po:Brand - stable -

Brand - A brand, e.g. `Top Gear'

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in-domain-of:series episode
sub-class-of:Programme

Class: po:Broadcast - stable -

Broadcast - A broadcast event.
Subsumes the event concept defined in
the Event ontology.
A broadcast is associated with a service, and with a
particular version of an episode.

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in-range-of:season_broadcast
in-domain-of:schedule_date broadcast_of broadcast_on
sub-class-of:event:Event

Class: po:Broadcaster - stable -

Broadcaster - An organization responsible of some broadcasting services.
It can hold a set of services and outlets.

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in-range-of:broadcaster
sub-class-of:Organization

Class: po:Category - testing -

Category - A category provides a way of classifying a set of programmes. Such classifications
can be performed according to multiple dimensions and taxonomies, e.g. genre, format, places, people, subjects...

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Class: po:Channel - testing -

Channel - A physical channel on which a broadcast occurs.
A single outlet or service can be associated with multiple channels.
For example, Radio 4 LW broadcasts on Analogue Long Wave and on Digital
Satellite.

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in-range-of:channel
in-domain-of:frequency

Class: po:DAB - testing -

DAB - Digital Audio Broadcasting

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sub-class-of:Channel

Class: po:DVB - testing -

DVB - Digital Video Broadcasting

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sub-class-of:Channel

Class: po:Episode - stable -

Episode - A particular episode, e.g. `Top Gear, first episode of the first season' or the film 'A Walk in the Sun' (http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b00gfzdt)

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in-range-of:episode
in-domain-of:position tag version
sub-class-of:Programme

Class: po:FM - testing -

FM - The FM broadcast band

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sub-class-of:Channel

Class: po:FirstBroadcast - testing -

FirstBroadcast - Specifies a broadcast as being the
first one of a particular version.

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sub-class-of:Broadcast

Class: po:Format - testing -

Format - Anchor point for format taxonomies, similar to po:Genre for genre taxonomies.
Instances of this concept include documentaries, talk shows, animation, etc.

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in-range-of:format
sub-class-of:Category

Class: po:Genre - testing -

Genre - An anchor point for a programmes' genre taxonomy, e.g. 'Drama'/'Biographical'.

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in-range-of:genre category
sub-class-of:Category

Class: po:IPStream - testing -

IPStream - IP stream

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sub-class-of:Channel

Class: po:LW - testing -

LW - The AM broadcast band

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sub-class-of:Channel

Class: po:LocalRadio - testing -

LocalRadio - Radio services aiming at a local coverage.

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sub-class-of:Radio

Class: po:MusicSegment - testing -

MusicSegment - Classification of an episode version's region corresponding to a musical track being played.

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in-domain-of:track
sub-class-of:Segment

Class: po:NationalRadio - testing -

NationalRadio - Radio services aiming at a national coverage.

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sub-class-of:Radio

Class: po:OriginalVersion - testing -

OriginalVersion - An `original' version, the legacy version of
a particular episode.

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sub-class-of:Version

Class: po:Outlet - testing -

Outlet - Outlet of a particular service, e.g. Radio 4 LW and FM for Radio 4.
Outlets are services which do not have variations.
The identity criteria for an outlet is its timeline.
For example, Radio 4 LW broadcasts on Analogue Long Wave, but also on Digital Satellite.
It corresponds to just one outlet, as they are simulcasts.
The two physical channels for broadcasts correspond to po:Channel.

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in-range-of:outlet
sub-class-of:Service

Class: po:Person - testing -

Person - A person

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sub-class-of:Category

Class: po:Place - testing -

Place - A physical place

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sub-class-of:Category

Class: po:Programme - stable -

Programme - A programme, can either be a brand, a series or an episode

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in-domain-of:synopsis microsite news_reader producer author director performer executive_producer commentator participant anchor actor credit format genre category service masterbrand

Class: po:Radio - testing -

Radio - Services that use a radio medium.

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sub-class-of:Service

Class: po:RegionalRadio - testing -

RegionalRadio - Radio services aiming at a regional coverage.

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sub-class-of:Radio

Class: po:RepeatBroadcast - testing -

RepeatBroadcast - Specifies a broadcast as being a
repeat.

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sub-class-of:Broadcast

Class: po:Season - testing -

Season - A season is a group of broadcasts.

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in-domain-of:season_broadcast

Class: po:Segment - testing -

Segment - Classification of an episode version's region, e.g. 'this track was played at that time'.

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sub-class-of:event:Event

Class: po:Series - stable -

Series - A series, e.g. `Top Gear, first season'

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in-range-of:parent_series series
in-domain-of:position series episode parent_series
sub-class-of:Programme

Class: po:Service - stable -

Service - A broadcasting service.
Instances of this concept include BBC Radio Wales, BBC Radio 4, BBC News, etc.
A service is a collection of outlets which contain common material, but with some variations, e.g. by
region.
Hence, a service may have multiple outlets (po:Outlet), e.g. BBC Radio 4 has BBC Radio 4 LW and BBC Radio 4 FM.
A hierarchy of services types is defined within this ontology, e.g. radio and TV.
A service that is a master brand only (a service that only commissions programmes, e.g. BBC Switch) should
be an instance of the top-level po:Service.

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in-range-of:broadcast_on service parent_service masterbrand
in-domain-of:parent_service location broadcaster channel outlet

Class: po:ShortenedVersion - testing -

ShortenedVersion - A shortened version.

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sub-class-of:Version

Class: po:SignedVersion - testing -

SignedVersion - A version holding sign language.

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sub-class-of:Version

Class: po:Subject - testing -

Subject - Anchor point for subject taxonomies.

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sub-class-of:Category

Class: po:Subtitle - testing -

Subtitle - Classification of an episode version's region corresponding to a subtitle being shown.

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in-domain-of:text
sub-class-of:event:Event

Class: po:TV - testing -

TV - Services that use a television medium.

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sub-class-of:Service

Class: po:Version - stable -

Version - A particular version of an episode.
Such versions include shortened ones, audio described ones
or ones that holds sign language.
The version is associated to a timeline.

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in-range-of:broadcast_of version
in-domain-of:time sound_format aspect_ratio subtitle_language

Class: po:Web - testing -

Web - Services that use a Web medium.

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sub-class-of:Service

Properties

Property: po:actor - testing -

actor - Relates a programmes to one of its actors - a person who plays the role of a character
Domain: Programme
Range: Agent
Sub-property-of: credit

Property: po:anchor - testing -

anchor - A television reporter who coordinates a programme
Domain: Programme
Range: Agent
Sub-property-of: credit

Property: po:aspect_ratio - testing -

aspect_ratio - The aspect ration of a particular version.

Domain: Version
Range: xsd:string

Property: po:author - testing -

author - Relates a programme to its author - the person who created the content
Domain: Programme
Range: Agent
Sub-property-of: credit

Property: po:broadcast_of - testing -

broadcast_of - Relates a particular broadcast to the version being broadcasted.
Sub-property of the event:factor one.

Domain: Broadcast
Range: Version
Sub-property-of: event:factor

Property: po:broadcast_on - testing -

broadcast_on - Relates a particular broadcast to the service or outlet on which it was on.
Sub-property of the event:factor one.

Domain: Broadcast
Range: Service
Sub-property-of: event:factor

Property: po:broadcaster - testing -

broadcaster - Associates a service to a broadcaster

Domain: Service
Range: Broadcaster

Property: po:category - testing -

category - Relates a programme to a particular category, e.g. genre, format, place...

Domain: Programme
Range: Genre

Property: po:channel - testing -

channel - Associates a service to a channel, e.g. Radio 4 LW to Radio 4 LW on Analogue Long Wave.

Domain: Service
Range: Channel

Property: po:commentator - testing -

commentator - Relates a programme to one of its commentators
Domain: Programme
Range: Agent
Sub-property-of: credit

Property: po:credit - testing -

credit - Relates a programmes to a person who is credited in it
Domain: Programme
Range: Agent
Sub-property-of: contributor

Property: po:director - testing -

director - Relates a programme to its supervisor. Generally refers to the person responsible for all audience-visible components of a program, film, or show, whereas the producer is responsible for the financial and other behind-the-scenes aspects. A director's duties might also include casting, script editing, shot selection, shot composition, and editing
Domain: Programme
Range: Agent
Sub-property-of: credit

Property: po:duration - testing -

duration - The duration of a version, in seconds.
Domain:
Range: xsd:int

Property: po:episode - testing -

episode - Associates a brand or a series to an episode constituting it.

Domain: Series Brand
Range: Episode
Sub-property-of: hasPart

Property: po:executive_producer - testing -

executive_producer - Relates a programme to its executive producer - a producer who is not involved in any technical aspects of the making process, but who is still responsible for the overall production. Typically an executive producer handles business and legal issues
Domain: Programme
Range: Agent
Sub-property-of: credit

Property: po:format - testing -

format - Relates a programme to a particular format (eg. `Animation', `Documentary', etc.).

Domain: Programme
Range: Format
Sub-property-of: category

Property: po:frequency - testing -

frequency - Associates a channel to its frequency
Domain: Channel
Range: xsd:float

Property: po:genre - testing -

genre - Relates a programme to a particular genre.

Domain: Programme
Range: Genre
Sub-property-of: category

Property: po:location - testing -

location - Associates a service to a geographic location,
aiming at capturing what this service aims at covering.

Domain: Service
Range: SpatialThing
Sub-property-of: based_near

Property: po:long_synopsis - testing -

long_synopsis - A long synopsis of a serie, brand or episode.
Sub-property of po:synopsis.

Domain:
Range:
Sub-property-of: synopsis

Property: po:masterbrand - stable -

masterbrand - Associates a programme with its masterbrand (its commissionner)
Domain: Programme
Range: Service

Property: po:medium_synopsis - testing -

medium_synopsis - A medium synopsis of a serie, brand or episode.
Sub-property of po:synopsis.

Domain:
Range:
Sub-property-of: synopsis

Property: po:microsite - testing -

microsite - Associates a programme to its microsite. For example http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b00fm04s and http://www.bbc.co.uk/eastenders/
Domain: Programme
Range: Document
Sub-property-of: page

Property: po:news_reader - testing -

news_reader - Relates a programme to its news reader
Domain: Programme
Range: Agent
Sub-property-of: credit

Property: po:outlet - testing -

outlet - Associates a service to an outlet, e.g. Radio 4 to Radio 4 LW.

Domain: Service
Range: Outlet

Property: po:parent_series - testing -

parent_series - Relates a series to a series constituting it (eg. `Waking the dead').

Domain: Series
Range: Series
Sub-property-of: isPartOf

Property: po:parent_service - testing -

parent_service - Relates a service to another service encapsulating it (eg. `BBC One' and `BBC One South')

Domain: Service
Range: Service
Sub-property-of: isPartOf

Property: po:participant - testing -

participant - Relates a programme to one of its participants
Domain: Programme
Range: Agent
Sub-property-of: credit

Property: po:performer - testing -

performer - Relates a programme to an entertainer who performs a dramatic or musical work for audience
Domain: Programme
Range: Agent
Sub-property-of: credit

Property: po:position - testing -

position - The position of a particular series or episode within its containing programme
Domain: Series Episode
Range: xsd:int

Property: po:producer - testing -

producer - Relates a programme to its producer - the manager of an event, show, or other work, usually the individual in charge of finance, personnel, and other non-artistic aspects in the development of commercials, plays, movies, and other works
Domain: Programme
Range: Agent
Sub-property-of: credit

Property: po:schedule_date - testing -

schedule_date - The schedule date of a broadcast event.

Domain: Broadcast
Range: xsd:date

Property: po:season_broadcast - testing -

season_broadcast - Associates a season to its constituent broadcasts
Domain: Season
Range: Broadcast

Property: po:series - testing -

series - Associates a brand or a series to a series constituting it.

Domain: Series Brand
Range: Series
Sub-property-of: hasPart

Property: po:service - testing -

service - Associate a brand, series or episode to the master brand service.

Domain: Programme
Range: Service

Property: po:short_synopsis - testing -

short_synopsis - A short synopsis of a serie, brand or episode.
Sub-property of po:synopsis.

Domain:
Range:
Sub-property-of: synopsis

Property: po:sound_format - testing -

sound_format - The sound format of a particular version.

Domain: Version
Range: xsd:string

Property: po:subtitle_language - testing -

subtitle_language - Language of the subtitles emebedded in a particular version
Domain: Version
Range: xsd:string

Property: po:synopsis - testing -

synopsis - The synopsis of a serie, brand or episode.

Domain: Programme
Range: xsd:string

Property: tags:tag - stable -

tag - Associates an episode to a particular tag
Domain: Episode
Range: Tagging

Property: po:text - testing -

text - Associates a subtitle event to the corresponding text
Domain: Subtitle
Range: xsd:string

Property: po:time - stable -

time - Associates an episode's version with a temporal object, which is itself defined on the episode's timeline, serving as an anchor for further temporal annotations, e.g. subtitles
Domain: Version
Range: tl:Interval

Property: po:track - testing -

track - Associates a music segment with a track, as defined in MO
Domain: MusicSegment
Range: Track
Sub-property-of: event:factor

Property: po:version - testing -

version - Associate an episode to a version of it.
Different versions of a same episode can exist (shortened version, version
designed for the hearing impaired, etc.).

Domain: Episode
Range: Version

References

  1. Semantic Web Information
    1. W3C Semantic Web Activity
    2. Primer: Getting into RDF & Semantic Web using N3
  2. Related projects
    1. BBC /programmes
    2. BBC /programmes RDF service

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