29 November 2012 Last updated at 11:34 ET

Botswana to ban hunting over wildlife species decline

About a third of the world's elephant population lives in Botswana

Botswana will ban commercial hunting from January 2014 over growing concerns about the sharp decline in wildlife species, officials have announced.

"The shooting of wild game for sport and trophies is no longer compatible with our commitment to preserve local fauna," the environment ministry said.

The ban is likely to be controversial as many communities depend on hunting for their livelihoods.

As much as a third of the global elephant population lives in Botswana.

Recent estimates place the number at about 130,000.

Conservationists are concerned about the erosion of river banks caused by the animals in some nature parks, the BBC's Letlhogile Lucas in the capital, Gaborone, reports.

The ban, set to come into place on 1 January, could also pose a threat to local communities, in particular bushmen, for whom hunting is a means to survive, our correspondent adds.

Average trophy fee per species

• Elephant: Up to $30,000, depending on weight
• Lion: $29,000
• Leopard: $7,150
• Buffalo: $3,744
• Giraffe: $3,500
• Zebra: $1,923

Source: Food and Agricultural Organisation of the United Nations

Furthermore, selling hunting licences to wealthy Westerners is an extremely lucrative business, he says.

Hunting concessions currently exist in the northern Okavango Delta and the parks of the Kalahari region, famous for its upmarket safari lodges.

According to the environment ministry's official statement, the government will continue to issue special game licences "for traditional hunting by some local communities within designated wildlife management areas".

Due to its seasonal nature, hunting has only contributed a minimal amount to the tourism sector, which ranks second to the diamond industry in terms of its revenue earnings, the ministry said.

Designated hunting zones will be turned into "photographic areas".

The announcement has been welcomed by the International Fund for Animal Welfare.

"The ideal scenario would be that it has a similar effect to the ban on whaling 20 years ago," the organisation's spokesman, Adrian Hiel, told the BBC.

"Whale watching is now proven to be more sustainable and profitable than hunting and killing the animals."

Earlier this year, Spain's King Juan Carlos faced international criticism for going on a hunting trip in Botswana.