Theropod dinosaurs were the top predators in the Jurassic and Cretaceous periods. For over 100 million years theropods were the only large carnivores on land and included all the infamous carnivorous dinosaurs - Tyrannosaurus, Velociraptor and Spinosaurus. However, not all theropods were predators. Some evolved away from their carnivorous origins to consume an omnivorous or herbivorous diet. Birds are the only living descendants of the theropods.
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Dinosaur footprints
Fossilised footprints give away how fast dinosaurs could walk and run.
Fossilised footprints give away how fast dinosaurs could walk and run.
Herds and packs
Fossilised footprints suggest that large carnivorous dinosaurs hunted alone.
In this programme originally shown in 2000, scientists discuss how footprints suggest that large carnivorous dinosaurs hunted alone. Since then, new fossils have shown that some big theropod dinosaurs may have hunted in packs.
Allosaurus (genus)
Australovenator (genus)
Tyrannosaurs
Carcharodontosaurids
Dromaeosaurs
Coelophysis (genus)
Therizinosaurs
Spinosaurus (genus)
Epidexipteryx (genus)
Gigantoraptor (genus)
AbelisaursDiscover what these behaviours are and how different plants and animals use them.
Egg layerAdditional data source: Animal Diversity Web
Discover the other animals and plants that lived during the following geological time periods.
Cretaceous-Tertiary mass extinctionLearn more about the other animals and plants that also form these fossils.
Trace fossilsTheropoda (theropod /ˈθɛrəpɒd/; suborder name Theropoda /θɨˈrɒpɵdə/, from Greek meaning "beast feet") is both a suborder of bipedal saurischian dinosaurs, and a clade consisting of that suborder and its descendants (including modern birds). Dinosaurs belonging to the suborder Theropoda were primarily carnivorous, although a number of theropod groups evolved herbivory, omnivory, and insectivory. Theropods first appeared during the Carnian age of the late Triassic period about 230 million years ago (Ma) and included the sole large terrestrial carnivores from the Early Jurassic until at least the close of the Cretaceous, about 65 Ma. In the Jurassic, birds evolved from small specialized coelurosaurian theropods, and are today represented by 9,900 living species.
Among the features linking theropod dinosaurs to birds are a furcula (wishbone), air-filled bones, brooding of the eggs, and (in some cases) feathers.
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