Seed dispersers carry seeds away from the parent plant either deliberately or accidentally. Some, such as ants, squirrels and mice, collect and store seeds (including nuts). If the store is forgotten, or the animal dies, the seeds might germinate. Other animals eat a plant's fruit and scatter the undigested seeds in their dung. Finally, some seeds are sticky or have hooks that catch on to fur and feathers, so the seed can hitch-hike to a new location.
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Seed dispersal is the movement or transport of seeds away from the parent plant. Plants have limited mobility and consequently rely upon a variety of dispersal vectors to transport their propagules, including both abiotic and biotic vectors. Seeds can be dispersed away from the parent plant individually or collectively, as well as dispersed in both space and time. The patterns of seed dispersal are determined in large part by the dispersal mechanism and this has important implications for the demographic and genetic structure of plant populations, as well as migration patterns and species interactions. There are five main modes of seed dispersal: gravity, wind, ballistic, water and by animals. Some plants are serotinous and only disperse their seeds in response to an environmental stimulus.
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