Trench mouth

What is trench mouth?

Trench mouth is a rare form of gingivitis that usually develops suddenly when the normal mouth bacteria grow too heavily, causing infection and ulcers.

Symptoms

The gums quickly become painful, red and swollen, and may bleed in response to pressure or irritation. Fever and fatigue are often present.

Other possible symptoms include:

• Greyish film on the gums
• Foul taste in the mouth
• Bad breath
• Crater-like ulcers between the teeth

Left untreated, the infection can spread to the jawbone, lips or cheeks.

Causes and risk factors

Those affected are usually under the age of 35. The risk of developing trench mouth is increased by:

• Poor oral hygiene and nutrition
• Infection of the mouth, teeth or throat
• Smoking
• Stress
• A weak immune system

It's not contagious. Maintaining good oral hygiene, eating a healthy diet, not smoking and keeping stress under control will reduce the risk of trench mouth developing.

Treatment and recovery

Good oral hygiene, including brushing, flossing and mouth rinses are an effective treatment for trench mouth. A healthy diet and general health will also help.

Painkillers, local anaesthetic gels or mouthwashes and antibiotics may be recommended. Professional dental treatment may be required.