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What is it?Abnormal fluctuations in blood sugar can lead to someone with diabetes becoming unwell and, if untreated, losing consciousness. There are two conditions associated with diabetes - hyperglycaemia (high blood sugar) and hypoglycaemia (low blood sugar). A first aider is most likely to encounter hypoglycaemia, which affects brain function and can lead to unconsciousness if untreated. Signs and symptomsHypoglycaemia: - Hunger
- Feeling 'weak' and confused
- Sweating
- Dry, pale skin
- Shallow breathing
Hyperglycaemia: - Thirst
- Vomiting
- Fruity/sweet breath
- Rapid, weak pulse
First aid aimsHypoglycaemia: - Raise blood sugar level as quickly as possible
- Get casualty to hospital, if necessary
Hyperglycaemia: - Get casualty to hospital as soon as possible
ActionsHypoglycaemia: - Sit casualty down
- Offer casualty food or a sweet drink
- If there's an improvement, offer more to eat or drink
- Keep casualty resting
Hyperglycaemia:
Further actionsIf the casualty loses consciousness
This article was reviewed by the British Red Cross in April 2007.
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information. Always consult your own GP if you're in any way concerned about your health.
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