How arthritis is diagnosed If arthritis is suspected, there are a variety of examinations you may undergo in order to confirm a diagnosis.

In this article

Seeing your GP Other doctors you may see

After diagnosis Your right as an NHS patient

Case study

During your appointment, your GP should examine you for signs of swelling and a reduced range of joint movement. It's not always easy for the doctor to be sure whether arthritis is present, because no single test can confirm the disease. Doctors usually have to piece together their diagnosis from the separate items of information they obtain from:

• their examination
• tests
• what you tell them

This means it's extremely important that you tell your doctor about all your symptoms.

If there's a possibility of arthritis, you'll be referred for two types of test:

• X-rays - these can reveal any damage to the joints caused by arthritis and are most useful when confirming osteoarthritis. In the early stages of rheumatoid arthritis, an x-ray might reveal no changes or damage.
• Blood tests - there are many types, all measuring the levels of different blood cells and chemicals. They can indicate anaemia and how much inflammation there is in the body.

Blood tests and x-rays are also used to assess how severe the disease is and whether treatment is working.

If your doctor works at a large health centre, you may have these tests done there. But it's more likely that you'll be referred to a hospital.

At the same time as sending you for tests, your GP may refer you to an arthritis specialist at a hospital - usually a consultant rheumatologist or orthopaedic surgeon. Or you may be referred after your test results have come through. This doesn't mean your condition is serious, but you'll have the opinion of an expert in the field.

You should receive an outpatient appointment at your local hospital. You'll be seen by a consultant or one of their team, and will have more tests, possibly an MRI scan.

You don't have to see a rheumatologist, but if you'd like to, ask your GP. They shouldn't refuse, but if they do you are entitled to a second opinion.

Once your doctors are sure you have arthritis, you'll agree with them a suitable treatment plan. This may involve returning to your health centre or hospital at regular intervals for check-ups and treatment.

It's possible that you'll be referred to other health professionals with a special understanding of one aspect of your condition: nurses, orthopaedic surgeons, counsellors, physiotherapists, occupational therapists and social workers. These people should work together as a team to provide you with a package of care tailored to your needs. It's up to you and your doctors to discuss your best options.