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Coming in at number six is the North Downs.
The M25, one of the busiest roads in Britain, thunders along, right beside
the ridge of the North Downs.
Pilgrims used to find their way to Canterbury by following the North
Downs Way. Since Neolithic times, several thousand years before the birth of Christ,
travellers and tradesmen from the ports of the South East, followed the
upper chalk ridge en route to the heart of England. They are called the Downs because they are the uplands of Kent. If that
doesn't make sense, the reason for that is the word "down" is
from the old Dutch word "doon" which means a ridge. In the stone age there would have been people walking along these downs,
probably all the way as far as Stonehenge, through the whole of North
Kent, through Surrey, onto Salisbury Plain and back again. And during the Ice Age our distant ancestors, could have walked all the
way from France, right across the English Channel, all the way to Kent.
Eighty million years ago this was once the seabed of a crustaceous chalk sea.
Then
some 50m years ago, Italy collided with Europe, pushing up the Alps and
the great pressure buckled the whole of southern England so that this
chalk would have risen about a kilometre into the sky, arched over the
entire Weald, over Folkestone and come down the other side on the South
Downs
This is a particularly rich site for chalk grassland. The chalk supports
cowslips, common spotted orchids, early purple orchids, bee orchids, harebells
and marjoram. |