The term evolution first came to prominence when
Charles Darwin used it in his book The Origin of the Species.
He showed that minute changes to an organism that make
it better adapted to its environment increases the
likelihood of the organism living to have offspring
with the same adaption. Strictly this adaption process
occurs at the gene level. Put bluntly the ones that do
not adapt die off. Over vast periods of time all sorts
of improbable animals and plants can develop, all the
way from peacocks to Venus fly traps.
Now the term is used in other fields:
Atomic EvolutionIn stars, nuclear fusion creates many different
elements from a ball of Hydrogen gas. Biological EvolutionClassic Darwinian plant and animal evolution.
Mankind EvolutionIdeas pass from human to human via air, pages, and
h2g2, and are developed by thinking about
them.